25 : ISLAMIC POLICY TOWARD ANIMALS
The
mainstream non-Islamic culture often shows kindness
to animals to the extent of caring pets like dogs,
cats etc. as dearly as or more dearly than own
children. This is linked to the following problems.
(a) Health hazards: Close contact with
such animals such as through kissing, hugging
or fondling pets can become good reasons for many
health problems like rabies, plague, bites etc.
Through cleanliness and vaccination, these health
hazards can be minimized but their total elimination
is almost impossible. Particularly the risk of
animal bites is always there as the animals fall
short of rationality of human beings
(b) Humanitarian issue: If you let your
pet share your soft bed and eat rich food from
your dining table, then you may feel in your good
conscience a lack of humanitarian matching with
thousands of homeless people in the developed
countries and millions of starving people in the
developing nations. This is an example of denying
rightful place to the dignified men while giving
their honorable place to lowly animals. Of course
you may argue that you yourself cannot eliminate
the poverty of society at large and that animals
are often more trustworthy than man. However,
fairness dictates that you leave the animals in
their rightful place, treating them with reasonable
kindness while doing your best to better the condition
of your fellow human beings.
The animal policy of Islam duly emphasizes on
both kindness to the animals and protection of
human interest. It honors man as the best of creations
and secures its place higher above the animals.
At the same time it does not forget to be kind
to the animals. Now follows an analysis about
this:
(i) Animals for human benefits: The Quran
reveals that God created the animals for benefits
of man so that they remember Him with gratitude
(36:71). For example, the animals are the sources
of our food (meat and milk), clothes (skin and
far), guard (dog watch), transport (horse and
camel etc.), pleasure (in zoo) etc. Man can lawfully
obtain some of these benefits by necessarily slaughtering
them. Like the vegetarians, Islam does not want
you to go without protein-rich delicious animal
food. It recognizes the food chain theory of biology
that one animal is the food for another which
is good for natural balance of animal kingdom.
(ii) Reasonable kindness to the animals:
You are not allowed to inflict unnecessary cruelty
upon the animals while using them to your benefits.
The Prophet, for example, warned against using
a blunt knife while slaughtering an animal for
food. Similarly, you cannot unnecessarily kill
an animal, beat up innocent pets or starve them.
(iii) Defense from animals: Kindness to
the animals is second to the safety of men. Islam
wants you to be kind to the animals and defensive
from the cruel ones. When the animals pose immediate
threat to your life such as a tiger gets loose
from jungle or a snake takes shelter in your house,
killing them for your safety is not only allowed
but is also encouraged as a pious act. Similarly,
when some animals (e.g. rats, ants and termites)
create hazards for you, you can kill them without
risking sin. Such an animal policy obviously makes
a good compromise between kindness to the animals
and wellbeing of the mankind.